Influence of meteorological factors on the phenological phases of ephemeroids

Abstract

In the life of live nature certain rhythms are observed - each year plants begin their vegetative growth, followed by flowering, ripening of fruit, then leaves start to yellow and drop, and the plants undergo dormancy. However, depending on meteorological factors, each year calendar dates of seasonal events considerably differ. The aim of the study - to determine the influence of meteorological factors on phenological phases of ephemeroids in Kamša botanical-zoological reserve. As the research object was chosen a deciduous forest in Kamša botanical-zoological reserve. Research of phenological phases was conducted in 1991, 2000, 2006-2013. During the growing season, ephemeroids were recorded once a week: their height, projection coverage and phenological phases were recorded. To find out what meteorological factors had the greatest influence on phenological phases of ephemeroids, a multiple statistical method – principal component analysis was applied. Studies show that among meteorological factors the greatest influence on Anemone nemorosa L. had soil surface temperature, while the least – the amount of rainfall and air temperature. Corydalis solida L. was mainly affected by temperature on the soil surface and at 20 cm depth, air temperature, the amount of precipitation. Ficaria verna Huds was influenced by air temperature, but was not affected by the amount of precipitation, soil temperature at a depth of 20 cm, temperature on the surface of the soil. Gagea lutea L. was mainly affected by temperature on the soil surface and at 20 cm depth, air temperature, but was not affected by the amount of precipitation.