The different soil use practict on mineral phosphorus leaching

Abstract

The investigations were carried out in the LAU WM institute land plots in the Endocalcari Endohypogkeyic Cambisol (CMg-n-w-can). Basis of the investigation is nine drainage systems and 3 variants. Every variant made 3 drainage lines (0,54 ha). Traditional arable system was applied in I variant. Soil tillage was not applied in II variant. In this variant in spring barley or spring wheat was sown and left make to spring. In the III variant soil was not tillage and left until spring. Either II variant was distinct by smaller soil mobile phosphorus (P2O5) which make up 118 mg kg-1, or 17-24 % smaller than in I variant (arable agriculture) and III variant (no soil tillage). In the condition of I variant was gained most abundance yield of spring barley, and spring wheat. The biggest removal of phosphorus with crops was gained in the conditions of 2 variant there where was grown undercrop. Average data of P-PO4 3- concentration in drainage water was shown that smallest concentration of one be in II variant (growing ryegrass) (0,01 mg l-1). Applying traditional agriculture as well as not soil tillage concentration of P-PO4 3- increase 3-4 times (to 0,03 and 0,04 mg l-1). The leaching by drainage water of P-PO4 3- was smallest in II variant (with ryegrass) and made 0,009 kg ha-1. Applying arable agriculture and no soil tillage leaching of P-PO4 3- increase 67-100% (to 0,015 – 0,018 kg ha-1).