Lapų trąšų įtaka vasarinių rapsų sėklų derliui, kokybei ir pelningumui
Author | Affiliation | |
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LT | ||
Laurė, Renata | Lietuvos žemės ūkio universitetas | LT |
Date |
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2007 |
2002–2004 metais Lietuvos žemės ūkio universiteto bandymų stotyje vykdyti tyrimai, kurių tikslas buvo ištirti lapų trąšų su įvairiomis maisto medžiagomis įtaką vasarinių rapsų derliui, kokybei, pelningumui. Tyrimais nustatyta, jog tręšimas lapų trąšomis su įvairiomis maisto bei biologiškai aktyviomis medžiagomis turėjo įtakos vasarinių rapsų kulenų masei, t.y. stiebų, ankštarų bei lapų visumai, sėklų kokybei ir pelningumui. Rapsų sėklose riebalų kiekį didino boro turinti lapų trąša „Tradebor“ ir lapų trąša „Delfan“, kurios sudėtyje yra amidinio azoto bei aminorūgšties. Tačiau, tręšiant šiomis trąšomis, sėklose mažėjo baltymų. Amidinio azoto bei aminorūgšties turinti lapų trąša „Delfan“ mažino rapsų sėklose gliukozinolatų kiekį, o mikroelementų ir aminorūgšties turinti trąša „Aton AZ“ jų kiekį didino. Vasarinius rapsus pelninga buvo tręšti visomis tirtomis lapų trąšomis, o labiausiai – mikroelementų ir aminorūgšties turinčia lapų trąša „Aton AZ“ ir kalcio, boro bei aminorūgšties turinčia trąša „Boramin Ca“, – pelnas iš hektaro tyrimų metų kainomis sudarė vidutiniškai 67 Lt.
Application of Delfan (containing amide form of nitrogen and amino acids) resulted in decreased content of glucosinolates in rape seeds, while Aton AZ (containing trace elements and amino acids) increased it. Application of any of the tested leaf-feed fertilizers on spring rape crop was profitable. The most profitable ones were Aton AZ (containing trace elements and amino acids) and Boramin Ca (containing calcium, boron and amino acids), with an average profit of 67 Lt ha-1 (calculation is based on the actual prices of respective experimental year).
Experiments were carried out at the Lithuanian University of Agriculture during 2002– 2004. The aim of these experiments was to evaluate the effect of leaf-feed fertilizers, containing different nutrients, on the yield, grain quality and profitability of spring rape crop. Experimental site’s soil is Sod Epihypogleyic Luvisol, light loam on medium and clay loam. Our experimental findings indicate that application of leaf-feed fertilizers containing various nutrients and biologically active ingredients had an impact on the mass of spring rape remains after thrashing (stalks, siliques and leaves), seed quality and profitability. This impact and performance of different kinds of leaf-feed fertilizers was not the same in different experimental years. None of the tested leaf-feed fertilizers decreased the yield of rape seed – a trend of yield increase within the range of 5.2-6.5 % was recorded, yet yield increase due to the leaf-feeding was statistically insignificant. Leaf-feed fertilizer Delfan (containing amide form of nitrogen and amino acids) increased the mass of spring rape remains after thrashing by on average 14.7 %. Oil content in rape seeds was increased by application of leaf-feed fertilizers Tradebor (containing boron) Delfan (containing amide form of nitrogen and amino acids), yet these fertilisers decreased the content of proteins in seeds. Boron fertilizer Tradebor also increased the amount of nitrogen-free extractive matter in seeds. Impact of leaf-feed fertilizers on the ratio between palmitic, stearic and erucic fatty acids and total content of fatty acids in rape seed was insignificant. Application of boron containing fertilizer Tradebor as well as trace elements and amino acids containing fertilizer Aton AZ resulted in decreased content of oleic acid and increased content of linoleic and linolenic fatty acids in seeds. Seeds of rape crop leaf-fed with Tradebor contained more of eikosenic fatty acid.