Investigation of technological processes of winter wheat sowing in different agricultural systems

Abstract

In 2005 - 2006 the trials of technological processes of winter wheat sowing using different agricultural systems were carried out in Padovinys agricultural community Marijampole region and in the farm of Egidijus Palaima in Ustukiai village Pasvalys region. The research objective was to test the introducim winter wheat seeds with the disk coulters in the hard caly ploughed and unploughed soils of various regions. Having in mind erratic meteorological weather conditions the influence of different soil tillage tec-sowing techniques was tested during the trials as will as the seed introduction depth and germination indices. The indices of seed bed preparation and seed introduction were defined by the method proposes -scientists Kritz/Hakannson that estimated the evenness of the soil tillage and seed introduction depth, the composition of the soil lumps and moisture content of the soil above the seeds, below then and at the depth of the seed introduction. The trials enabled to conclude that if you need to introduce the winter wheat seeds with disk coulters of the seeder into the hard clay loam untilled soil the harvest residue from the soil surface should be evenly introduced into the soil before sowing. When the influence of the various agricultural systems on the indjcn i introduction and germination has been estimated the conclusion was made that this influence is insignificant. Meteorological climate conditions, soil characteristics and other criteria have greater impact. In ttx m insufficient moisture content (<3%) it becomes hard, the structure of big clods form, thus the setoa a cannot always form the due seedbed and to evenly introduce the seeds.