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Braškių drėkinimo poreikis
Date Issued |
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2006 |
Investigation under natural soil moisture conditions determined that even in humid years there were droughty periods which had negative impact on the development of strawberry. It was determined that in the periods of sufficient (80 - 100% FC) soil moisture of the total active layer (0-30cm) the surface layer (0-10cm) very often was dried up and the humidity in this layer was less than 70% FC. In each year of research droughts were observed during flowering and fruit development periods and strawberry needed supplementary irrigation during all months (from May until September). The necessity of additional strawberry watering in these periods was determined in order to avoid the influence of the soil moisture deficit on berry size and total yield. Experi¬mental irrigation regimes showed the change of irrigation rate within the period of 2001 - 2004 from 0 (in 2001) up to 2600 m3/ha (in 2002). Evaluation of soil moisture dynamics of the active layer and data of the yield and weight of one berry determined that strawberry should be irrigated when soil moisture reaches 80% FC. Straw¬berry irrigation norm at the planting (according to investigation of roots distribution) is equal to 100 m3/ha, after one month - 150 m3/ha and one more month later - 200 m3/ha. Such irrigation norm (200 m3/ha or 20 mm) should be applied during the whole further period of strawberry growing. It has been determined that in the Mid-die Lithuania strawberry irrigation norm (probability - 50%) in May - September period changes from 104 mm (in Kaunas) until 115 mm (Dotnuva) and in separate months water rate changes from 2 mm to 27 mm.
Eksperimentinių drėkinimo režimo tyrimų metu 2001-2004 m. Kauno rajone nustatytas braškių drėkinimo režimas. Drėkinimo norma tiriamaisiais 2001-2004 m. kito nuo 0 (2001 m.) iki 2600 m3/ha (2002 m.). Gegužės mėn. braškes per ketverių tyrimų metų laikotarpį reikėjo lieti vidutiniškai vieną kartą. Birželio ir liepos mėn. braškes reikėjo laistyti vidutiniškai 1-3 kartus. Įvertinus aktyviojo sluoksnio dirvožemio drėgmės di¬namiką bei braškių derliaus prieaugį ir vienos uogos masę, braškės turi būti liejamos dirvožemio drėgmei esant apie 80% LDI. Sodinant braškes liejimo norma lygi 100 nrVha, po vieno mėnesio - 150 m3/ha, o dar po mėnesio -200 m3/ha. Vidurio Lietuvos zonoje 50% tikimybės, gegužės - rugsėjo mėnesių laikotarpio skaičiuojamoji braškių drėkinimo norma yra 1100 m3/ha.