Effect of oryzalin concentrations on in vitro growth of explants of medicinal plants

Abstract

Plant biotechnology provides a possibility to create new varieties of plants that are of improved resistance for diseases and higher productivity. Medicinal plants currently gain high attention in biomedical and biotechnological research fields. Mainly they occur in nature as diploids. Using biotechnological modification polyploidal forms of medicinal plants can be created. The task of such modification is better plant properties, such as thicker plant stalk, higher green mass production, accumulation of higher amounts of secondary metabolites. Created polyploidal plants can be of high importance in pharmaceutical industry and agriculture. For induction of ploidity of medicinal plants in vitro oryzalin was used. Oryzalin is a herbicide used to induce ploidity as an alternative to colchicine. Using this substance plant root growth is suspended. In this research for biotechnological modification some medicinal plant species were selected: Portulaca oleracea L., Anthyllis vulneraria L., Trigonella foenum - graecum L. and Achillea millefolium L. Primary biotechnological modification experiments revealed lethal dose of oryzalin concentrations in the nutrition medium which is harmful to the development of plants. The plants were grown at malt extract 4% medium using different concentration of oryzalin: 0 mg/ml, 0.0056 mg/ml, 0.0168 mg/ml, 0.028 mg/ml, 0.056 mg/ml. 0.07 mg/ml, 0,096 mg/ml. After incubation for 21 days lethal dose of oryzalin in the medium was determined for medicinal plants. It was found that oryzalin maximum concentration, which the plant can stand is for Portulaca oleracea L. of 0.07 mg/ml Anthyllis vulneraria L. 0.056 mg/ml, Trigonella foenum - graecum L. 0.07 mg/ml, Achillea millefolium L. 0.07 mg/ml.