Quantitative and qualitative analysis of polyphenolic and volatile compounds in propolis using spectrophotomety, liquid chromatography and gas chromatography - mass spectrometry methods

Abstract

Propolis is a natural product, consisting of plant resin and other biologically active, antioxidant compounds collected by honey bees. Therefore, propolis has attracted much attention in recent years as a useful natural raw material for pharmaceutical and cosmetic products. Furthermore, propolis is used in foods and beverages production, it can improve human health. The chemical composition of propolis depends on the collecting location, time of the year and plant source. Nine methanolic extracts of propolis of different botanical origin were analyzed using spectrophotometric methods, in order to determine total phenolic compounds, flavonoids and antioxidant activity. Five poliphenolic compounds were identified and their antioxiodant activity was assessed by means of high performance liquid chromatography with electrochemical detection (HPLC-ED). Twenty volatile compounds were identified by means of gas chromatography – mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The main volatile components indicate botanical origins of propolis.