Effect of salinomycin, antimycin, sodium phenylbutyrate and glucose deprivation on cancer cell viability and mobility

Abstract

One of the major problems in the clinical applications is the cancer cell property to become resistant to multiple drugs. A number of new and already known inhibitors or their combinations are being tested for obtaining the most efficient impact on treatment of various types of cancer. In this study the effect of different concentrations of salinomycin (Sal), antimycin A (AntA), sodium phenylbutyrate (PBA) and also glucose (Glc) deprivation was investigated on laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC, isolated from the primary tumor) cell and breast cancer cell (commercially available: MDA-MB-231) viability. Furthermore, cancer cell capability to invade other tissues is important feature that indicates malignancy of tumor [1, 2]. We investigated how the compounds mentioned above affect mobility of the MDA-MB-231 cell line. Cell migration analysis was performed by wound healing assay. Cell-free area remaining in the wound was measured after 5 and 10 h. Cell viability of LSCC and MDA-MB-231 was evaluated by Trypan blue staining and Hoechst 33342 fluorimetric assay in 96-well plate. Cells treated with 100 nM of Sal demonstrated slightly lower proliferation rates after 48 h compared with control, whereas a 2-fold and a 3-fold decrease in the number of cells was observed after application of 10 and 20 μM of AntA, respectively. Similar results were obtained while examining the effect of Glc deprivation. The concentration of 100 μM of PBA caused a greater decrease in proliferation of MDA-MB-231 compared with LSCC cells. Fluorescence of both cell lines stained with Hoechst 33342 decreased ~5-fold after 48 h treatment with 10 nM Sal, 10μM AntA and 100 μM PBA. Less decrease in fluorescence intensity was observed after 72 h compared with the effect after 48 h in both cell lines. It might be due to adaptation of cells to the presence of drugs. [...].