Vaistinių augalų antrinių metabolitų analizė panaudojant dujų ir skysčių chromatografijos metodus su masių spektrometrija

Abstract

The research on bioactive compounds of natural origin has gained much interest in the last two decades. The aim of the present study was the analysis of secondary metabolites of three medicinal plants (Bidens tripartita L., Calendula officinalis L. and Silybum marianum L.) cultivated in Lithuania and collected at different phenological stages. Supercritical CO2 extraction was applied for the extraction of essential oils from B. tripartita and C. officinalis. Identification of volatile compounds was produced using gas chromatographic-mass spectrometric analysis. Non-volatile compounds from all plants were extracted with methanol/water solution. The total content of phenolic compounds was tested by the Folin–Ciocalteu method, and the total content of flavonoids was also determined by AlCl3 colorimetric method. Radical scavenging activity was determined in model system with DPPH (2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl) free radical. The qualitative analysis of phenolic compounds was performed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC). The study showed that both qualitative and quantitative composition of volatile and non-volatile compounds were strongly dependent on the plant phenological stage.